What defines a security incident?

A security incident is defined as an event that compromises information integrity, which directly relates to the unauthorized access, disclosure, alteration, or destruction of critical data. This definition encompasses various scenarios, such as data breaches, malware infections, or insider threats, where the confidentiality, availability, or integrity of information is threatened or harmed.

Understanding this concept is crucial because recognizing what constitutes a security incident allows organizations to respond effectively and mitigate potential damage. Events that improve system performance or are scheduled maintenance activities, such as routine security checks, do not fall under the category of security incidents since they enhance or maintain the security posture rather than compromise it. Hence, identifying the nature and impact of security incidents is vital for proactive risk management and incident response strategies.